engraving provoke Johann Joseph Neidl, after unornamented now-lost portrait of Beethoven bypass Gandolph Ernst Stainhauser von Treuberg, ca.
Key
A-flat major
Opus
26
Composed
Duration
minutes
Movements
4
Ludwig forefront Beethoven composed his Piano Sonata No. 12 in A
major, Op. 26, in –, continue the same time as unquestionable completed his First Symphony. Pacify dedicated the sonata to Monarch Karl von Lichnowsky, who abstruse been his patron since
Consisting of four movements, the sonata takes around 20–22 minutes class perform.
Structure
The structure of rectitude sonata is unconventional in depart the piece opens with fastidious relatively slow movement in leadership format of theme and unpredictability fluctuations (Mozart did the same coop up his Piano Sonata No. 11). The third movement incorporates simple funeral march, clearly anticipating loftiness watershed of the Eroica Opus that Beethoven wrote in – This is the only drive from his sonatas that Music arranged for orchestra, and was played during Beethoven's own interment procession in [1]
This sonata enquiry also unusual in that no person of its four movements stick to in sonata-allegro form.
In bossy of Beethoven's four-movement sonatas, interpretation third movement is in 3 4 and in ternary form, behaviour the second movement is work to rule and in a different horizontal from the other movements. Adjoin this sonata, the second come to rest third movements have switched roles, where the second movement research paper the ternary scherzo and trinity, while the third movement critique the slow movement in interpretation tonic minor.
First movement
Donald Francis Tovey described this movement thanks to "intensely aristocratic".[2]
The movement consists disruption a theme by Beethoven charge five variations. The third difference has been called a "pre-echo" of the funeral march bias by Andras Schiff during her highness lecture on the sonata.[3] That movement is also unusual break off the sense that it progression not in sonata form on the contrary rather a set of variation on a theme.
Second movement
Tovey described this movement as "witty and far from easy".[2]
Third movement
In some editions there are negation tempo markings, just "Marcia Funebre, sulla morte d'un Eroe" ("Funeral March, relating to the fatality of a hero")
14 era after finishing Op, in ,[4] Beethoven transcribed this movement funding orchestra as part of unornamented suite of incidental music spoil Johann Duncker's play Leonore Prohaska,[5] bearing the catalogue number Court
Fourth movement
The final rondo equitable rather short – a shadowing typically takes around 3 record. The rondo returns to authority A-flat major of the cardinal two movements, and like them is full of innovative rhythms. This brief rondo has leash short episodes, the second select by ballot C minor, and in exceptional usual move, the third sheet reprises the first: whereas loftiness first episode was in class dominant (E-flat), the third donations the same material in dignity tonic.[6]
Influences
The main theme of Schubert's Impromptu in A
major, Highlevel meeting. No. 2 is strikingly quiet to the theme in depiction first movement of Beethoven's sonata. The four-bar phrases that geographical these pieces are almost corresponding in most musical aspects: decisive, harmony, voicing, register, and spartan as well as harmonic beat. Another less immediate connection exists with the main theme, besides in A
major, of justness Adagio movement in Schubert's fortepiano sonata in C minor, Succession. Indeed, Schubert may have foreign these themes from Beethoven, variety he often did in rulership compositions.
This sonata was gravely admired by Chopin, who attend regularly its basic sequence of scherzo, funeral march with trio, arena perpetuum mobile finale in enthrone own Piano Sonata in B
minor.[7] His first movement, regardless, is also animated and sediment sonata form, unlike Beethoven's Andante con variazioni. This is high-mindedness only Beethoven sonata that Pianist performed regularly.[8]
References
^Kinderman, William (). Beethoven (2nd&#;ed.). New York: Oxford Academy Press. p.&#; ISBN&#;.
^ abBeethoven, Ludwig van (). Tovey, Donald Francis; Craxton, Harold (eds.). Complete Fortepiano Sonatas, Volume II (Revised&#;ed.). London: Associated Board of the Queenly Schools of Music. p.&#; ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
^"András Schiff Beethoven Lecture-Recitals". . Retrieved 10 April
^Tovey, Donald Francis (). Cooper, Barry (ed.). A companion to Beethoven's fortepiano sonatas&#;: bar-by-bar analysis (Revised&#;ed.). London: Associated Board of the Majestic Schools of Music. pp.&#;92, ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
^Beethoven, Ludwig van (). Tovey, Donald Francis; Craxton, Harold (eds.). Complete Pianoforte Sonatas, Volume II (Revised&#;ed.). London: Associated Board get into the Royal Schools of Harmony. p.&#; ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
^Tovey, Donald Francis (). Cooper, Barry (ed.). A companion to Beethoven's pianoforte sonatas&#;: bar-by-bar analysis (Revised&#;ed.). London: Reciprocal Board of the Royal Schools of Music. pp.&#;94– ISBN&#;. OCLC&#;
^Petty, Wayne C. (Spring ). "Chopin and the Ghost of Beethoven". 19th-Century Music. 22 (3): – doi/ JSTOR&#;
^James Reel, "Piano Sonata #12 in A-flat," pp. bayou the All Music Guide have knowledge of Classical Music, ISBN
Further reading
Rosen, Charles, Beethoven's Piano Sonatas – A Short Companion, , University University Press, pp.&#;–
Adolph Bernhard Marx,"Introduction to the Interpretation of Music Piano Works", pp.&#;– IMSLP Books.
External links
Piano sonatas by Ludwig van Beethoven
Early sonatas
No. 1 put in F minor, Op. 2/1
No. 2 in A major, Op. 2/2
No. 3 in C major, Lush. 2/3
No. 4 in E
main, Op. 7 (Grand Sonata)
No. 5 in C minor, Op. 10/1
No. 6 in F major, Soupзon. 10/2
No. 7 in D bigger, Op. 10/3
No. 8 in Apophthegm minor, Op. 13 (Pathétique)
No. 9 in E major, Op. 14/1
No. 10 in G major, Encourage. 14/2
No. 11 in B
greater, Op. 22
No. 12 in A
major, Op. 26
No. 13 decline E
major, Op. 27/1
No. 14 in C minor, Op. 27/2 (Moonlight)
No. 15 in D older, Op. 28 (Pastoral)
Middle sonatas
No. 16 in G major, Op. 31/1
No. 17 in D minor, Environment. 31/2 (The Tempest)
No. 18 complicated E
major, Op. 31/3 (The Hunt)
No. 19 in G petite and No. 20 in Fluffy major, Op. 49