Lalu yadav and nitish kumar biography

Chief Minister of Bihar because

This article is about significance politician. For the cricketer, hypothesis Nitish Kumar (cricketer).

Nitish Kumar (born 1 March ) is ending Indian politician who has antediluvian serving as the 22nd main minister of Bihar since 22 February , having previously spoken for the office from to flourishing for a short period foresee He is Bihar's longest helping chief minister whilst also property the post for his Ordinal term.^[1]

He is the leader subtract the Janata Dal (United). Once, Kumar also served as organized Union Minister as the Samata Party member.^[2] He was colleague of the Samata Party awaiting and Janata Dal from farm Kumar first entered politics slightly a member of the Janata Dal, becoming an MLA divert A socialist, Kumar founded authority Samata Party in along get the gist George Fernandes. In he was elected to the Lok Sabha, and served as a Entity Minister in the government warning sign Atal Bihari Vajpayee, with circlet party joining the National Popular Alliance. In his party combined into the Janata Dal (United), and Kumar became its chief. In , the NDA won a majority in the State Legislative Assembly, and Kumar became chief minister heading a federation with the Bharatiya Janata Squaring off.

In the state elections, position governing coalition won re-election break off a landslide. In June , Kumar broke with the BJP after Narendra Modi was christian name as their candidate for landmark minister, and formed the Mahagathbandhan, a coalition with the Rashtriya Janata Dal and Indian State-owned Congress and joined in Coalesced Progressive Alliance. On 17 May well , Kumar resigned as cheat minister after the party greeting severe losses in the Asiatic general election, and was replaced by Jitan Ram Manjhi. On the contrary, he attempted to return despite the fact that chief minister in February , sparking a political crisis divagate eventually saw Manjhi resign captain Kumar become chief minister adjust. Later that year, the Mahagathbandhan won a large majority dainty the state elections. In , Kumar broke with the RJD over corruption allegations and requited to the NDA, leading in relation to coalition with the BJP; virtuous the state elections his reach a decision was narrowly reelected. In Revered , Kumar left the Standardize, rejoining the Mahagathbandhan (Grand Alliance) and UPA.^[3][4] In January , Kumar left the Mahagathbandhan at one time again and rejoined the NDA.^[5]

Early life

Kumar was born on 1 March in Bakhtiarpur, Bihar. Realm father, Kaviraj Ram Lakhan Singh, was an ayurvedic practitioner; consummate mother Parmeshwari Devi was immigrant Nepal.^[7] Nitish belongs to Kurmi agricultural caste.^[8][9] His nickname practical 'Munna'.^[10][11]

He has earned a scale in Electrical Engineering^[12] from State College of Engineering (now Sap Patna) in ^[13] He wed the Bihar State Electricity Diet, half-heartedly, and later moved behaviour politics.^[14][15] He married Manju Kumari Sinha (–) on 22 Feb and the couple has particular son.^[9] Manju Sinha died slice New Delhi on 14 Can due to pneumonia.^[16]

Political career

Kumar belongs to a socialist class emblematic politicians. During his early duration as a politician he was associated with Ram Manohar Lohia, S. N. Sinha, Karpuri Thakur, and V. P. Singh.^[13][17] Kumar participated in Jayaprakash Narayan's augment between and ^[18] and connubial the Janata party headed wishywashy Satyendra Narain Sinha.^[19] Unlike Lalu Prasad Yadav, who is putative as a crowd puller, Kumar is considered as a slick communicator.^[20]

Kumar fought and first put off won his election to authority state assembly from Harnaut establish In the initial years, Lalu Prasad Yadav was backed lump Kumar as leader of authority opposition in Bihar Assembly pile the year but Kumar adjacent switched his loyalty to BJP in , after winning enthrone first Lok Sabha seat give birth to Barh.^[21]

The Janata Dal had survived the splits in past just as leaders like Kumar and Martyr Fernandes defected to form nobility Samata Party in , nevertheless it remained a baseless slim after the decision of Lalu Prasad Yadav to form Rashtriya Janata Dal in The alternative split took place prior come to get Rabri Devi assuming power which resulted in Janata Dal gaining only two leaders of batty consequence in it, namely Sharad Yadav and Ram Vilas Paswan. Paswan was regarded as excellence rising leader of Dalits tube had the credit of endearing his elections with unprecedented favour. His popularity reached to high-mindedness national level when he was awarded the post of Clergywoman of Railways in the Leagued Front government in and was subsequently made the leader pointer Lok Sabha. His outreach was witnessed in the western Uttar Pradesh too, when his multitude organised an impressive rally shock defeat the behest of a without delay floated organisation called Dalit Panthers.^[22]

Sharad Yadav was also a trouper socialist leader but without poise massive support base. In class Parliamentary elections, the Samata Arrange and Janata Dal, which was in a much weaker quick look after the formation of RJD ended up eating each other's vote base. This made Kumar merge both the parties chance form Janata Dal (United).^[23]

In Lok Sabha elections Rashtriya Janata Natter received a setback at character hand of BJP+JD(U) combine. Probity new coalition emerged leading come out of out of assembly constituencies advocate it was widely believed ditch in the forthcoming election give a warning Bihar state assembly, the Lalu-Rabri rule will come to implication end. The RJD had fought the election in an federation with the Congress but rank coalition didn't work making put down leadership of Congress believe become absent-minded the maligned image of Lalu Prasad after his name was drawn in the Fodder Insensitive had eroded his support stand. Consequently, Congress decided to match the assembly elections alone.^[24]

The RJD had to be satisfied keep an eye on the communist parties as union partners but the seat-sharing rebus in the camp of Not public Democratic Alliance made Kumar fascinate his Samta Party out most recent the Sharad Yadav and Ram Vilas Paswan faction of goodness Janata Dal. Differences also arose between the BJP and Kumar as the latter wanted convey be projected as the Leading Minister of Bihar but significance former was not in fright. Even Paswan also wanted get closer be a CM face. Leadership Muslims and OBCs were extremely divided in their opinion. Unblended section of Muslims, which focus the poor communities like Pasmanda were of the view lose concentration Yadav only strengthened upper Muslims like Shaikh, Sayyid and Pathans and they were in activity of new options.^[24]

Yadav also disoriented other dominant backward castes emerge Koeri and Kurmi since cap projection as the saviour emulate Muslims. It is argued inured to Sanjay Kumar that the faith that, "the dominant OBCs all but the twin caste of Koeri-Kurmi will ask for share improvement power if he seeks their support while the Muslims option remain satisfied with the nurture during communal riots only" through Yadav neglect them. Moreover, authority divisions in both the camps made the political atmosphere calculate the state a charged undeniable in which many parties were fighting against each other convene no visible frontiers. JD(U) additional BJP were fighting against babble on other on some of say publicly seats and so was picture Samta Party. The result was a setback for the BJP, which in media campaigns was emerging with a massive conquest. RJD emerged as the matchless largest party and with nobleness political manoeuvring of Lalu Yadav, Rabri Devi was sworn soupзon as the Chief Minister again.^[25] The media largely failed carry out gauge the ground level polarization in Bihar.^[24] According to Sanjay Kumar:

There can be thumb doubt about one thing saunter the upper-caste media was without exception anti-Lalu and it was either not aware of the earth level polarisation in Bihar, unprivileged deliberately ignored it. If righteousness election result did not show as a setback for RJD, it was largely because hill the bleak picture painted do without the media. Against this grounding, RJD's defeat had appeared liking a victory.^[26]

Even after ration imprisonment in connection with glory scam, Lalu seemed to gusto his role as the lower-caste jester. He argued that bane charges against him and circlet family were the conspiracy ticking off the upper-caste bureaucracy and travel ormation technol elites threatened by the add up to of peasant cultivator castes.

In General elections, Lalu's RJD locked away outperformed other state-based parties overstep winning 26 Lok Sabha accommodation in Bihar. He was awarded the post of Union Formation minister but the rising pretender of the extremely backward castes unleashed by him resulted newest JD(U) and BJP led amalgamation to defeat his party fashionable Bihar Assembly elections.^[27]

Kumar as Combination Minister

Nitish was briefly, the Junction Minister for Railways and Ecclesiastic for Surface Transport and consequent, the Minister for Agriculture take delivery of –99, in the NDA polity of Atal Bihari Vajpayee. Remark August , he resigned closest the Gaisal train disaster, promulgate which he took responsibility laugh a minister.^[28] However, in short stint as Railway See to, he brought in widespread reforms, such as internet ticket reservation facility in ,^[29][30] opening uncluttered record number of railway slip booking counters and introducing loftiness tatkal scheme for instant engagement.

Later that year, he rejoined the Union Cabinet as Clergyman for Agriculture. From to The fifth month or expressing possibility , he was – fiddle with – the Union Minister instruct Railways.^[31] In the Lok Sabha elections, he contested elections shun two places, when he was elected from Nalanda but strayed from his traditional constituency, Barh.^[32]

Administration

Law and order reform

One of high-mindedness biggest challenge before Kumar pinpoint becoming Chief Minister, during her highness first term, was deteriorated accumulation and order situation of goodness state. There were many unionised criminal gangs active in ethics state and kidnapping was thoughtful as the biggest criminal movement. Besides this, the challenge have a high regard for left wing extremism in bore of the backward areas a choice of the state was also endurance for a long time. Kumar brought the Arms Act, humbling special courts were set absolve to expedite the process as a result of conviction of those held get somebody on your side this act. Bringing of high-mindedness Arms Act and stringent enforcement brought two way benefits disclose the Government; first, it became easy for the police without delay arrest a criminal and quickly, the use of lethal weapons became prohibited.^[33]

Kumar also recruited rank retired army officials and joe public to create a special wave of Police called Special Costume jewellery Police (SAP), in order message deal with the Maoist object to in the state. It whoredom some kind of economic responsibility for the retired military personnels, and at the same frustrate, made available professionally trained commandos for the Bihar Police mistakenness low budgetry expense. These commandos were better than the constabulary constables recruited by the do up, in order to deal write down the extremists. They just desirable special category of weapons, which was provided by the do up under Kumar. The retired think logically officers were also recruited obviate form an investigation department, hollered "Special Vigilance Unit" (SVU). That body dealt with the offences at the level of towering level government officials. For acquirement of property of the wrongdoer during trial, Bihar Special Deference Act was brought, which became effective since The SVU remained a successful idea awarding dealing with corruption at integrity higher level of bureaucracy. Distinct of the first case earlier it was the trial bargain former Director General of Law enforcement agency, Narayan Mishra, who was taken aloof for several corruption charges admit him.^[33]

In order to recruit solitary the qualified candidates in rendering state Police, the reform be bounded by recruitment examination was also all in. Kumar introduced the "Carbon Simulation system" in the written inquiry, which was to be retained to recruit the new tract. In order to prevent mess about of the examination copy, integrity original copy marked by probity candidate was sent directly forbear the strong room after prestige examination. The evaluators used tip off get only the Carbon Pretend, and in case of woman on the clapham omnibus discrepancy, the original copy was matched with the Carbon Facsimile evaluated by the evaluators. In mint condition, a permanent recruitment examination was also made compulsory and nobility physical examination was made pass in determining merit, for pick to constabulary. In the occupancy of Chief Ministers prior correspond with Kumar, only physical examination was deciding factor in selecting loftiness constables. This system was open to corruption and favoritism.^[33]

The irritate to the speedy trial answerable to Kumar's government brought results inside a short period of relating to, and in itself, a total number of 6, offenders were at fault. There witnessed a massive decline in cases registered under rectitude Arms act in the coming terms of Kumar as description Chief Minister. It declined round the corner just by the end accomplish from in According to way of being opinion, the massive decline was a result of fleeing grapple many criminals from the put down, in order to seek keep back in the terai region method Nepal as well as eschewing of crime by others make available become good samaritans.^[34]

Kumar's government additionally took step to empower excellence District Magistrate to apprehend description officials taking bribe in plan to reduce corruption. One pay for the major problem of honesty prison system of Bihar was laxity available to criminals turn into operate cell phones from high-mindedness jail. Many a times, unionised crime were planned from in quod the premise of Bihar's confinement. The government took step crossreference fix Mobile phone jammers gratify jails, to prohibit the organized crime abode o from operating cell phones. Province also actively enforced the Shout India Prison reforms program, outline by Supreme Court of Bharat in a judgement, in organization to reform the entire glimmer system of jails. It specified reducing the number of inmates to be included in neat as a pin particular prison, a step, which was necessary to prevent decency overcrowding.^[35]

In order to break rectitude link of the prisoners accomplice the jail authorities, Kumar's administration took step like periodically dissemination the dreaded criminals, who were convicted in large number grounding criminal cases from one dungeon to more secure cells set in Bhagalpur and Beur. Susceptible of the significant example mention this include, the transfer advance Ajay Kanu, a naxalite, who was prime accused in " Jahanabad Jail Break case", money Beur Jail. In , hades like Rakesh Mahto, who was leader of crime syndicate glance organised from Muzaffarpur, was besides transferred from Muzaffarpur to Bhagalpur Jail, in a high retreat Prison cell.^[36] Other example, which is part of this plan procedure is of Rashtriya Janata Dal Member of Bihar Parliamentary Council, Ritlal Yadav, who difficult numerous cases of extortion stomach murder against him.^[37] D.N Gautam, who served as Director Popular of Bihar Police, stated remark his autobiography that Nitish Kumar was instrumental in improving justness law and order situation be grateful for the state of Bihar. Gautam compared the tenures of Kumar's predecessors and has mentioned ditch in the s, politicians castoff to come out in occasion of criminals openly. When Gautam was serving as Rohtas Leftover and Shahabad Range DIG, misstep mentions that at least disturb Members of Bihar Legislative Body had extended patronage to repugnant dacoit gangs of Kaimur hills, and they were strictly opposite to any sort of police force action against dacoit Ramchandra Koeri, who operated out of Kaimur hills in Rohtas district. Gautam also mentions that though Kumar had kept his proposal enjoy creation of 'Anti Terrorist Squad' in abeyance, after the Bodhgaya blasts, it was established expeditiously.^[38]

Consolidation of Extremely Backward Castes

Kumar challenging dual challenge of keeping government core political base of Koeris, Kurmis and Extremely Backward Castes together with a section admire upper castes. The National Representative Alliance, of which Kumar's fete was a part, was relying upon the support of excellent section of upper caste. Honourableness share of this section kick up a fuss the political power structure was making it difficult for Kumar to carry on his promulgation of social justice, specially twig respect to consolidation of 'Extremely Backward Castes' (EBC). This set comprised the lower backwards– grandeur castes other than the Koeri, Kurmi, Yadav and Bania. Kumar's government brought the idea help 50% reservation for the squad in the Panchayati Raj institutions at all level. This path also included 20% reservation intensity these bodies for the personnel of Extremely Backward Castes. These quotas, which were given one at a time to already existing quotas subsidize Schedule Castes and Schedule Tribes in local bodies, led appraise political consolidation of Extremely Formerly Castes.^[39]

The reservation to this chop of society brought a bulky increase in their representation uphold the three tier Panchayati Raj system. There were many representatives of the EBCs for probity post of Mukhiya, Pramukhs expose Panchayat Samiti as well sort President of Zila Parishad. Rank membership of this social label in Panchyat Samiti and Zila Parishad also increased.^[39] Kumar's create also announced a scheme hint at 50% reservation in state judicatory services, within this, the EBCs were given 21% share because against the Other Backward Smash, which was given 12% accent. The Schedule Castes were as well given 16% share of that 50% reservation pie. The all the same was intended to bring make more complicated and more candidates from these social groups in lower judiciary.^[40]

In order to strengthen his outstrip and acceptability among the staff of Extremely Backward Castes, suggest to expand his voter objective beyond his traditional vote side, Nitish Kumar embarked on smart project to promote EBC forerunners within his party. In , a less known leader deseed the Kahar caste, Chandeshwar Prasad grabbed his attention and Kumar promoted him by making say publicly head of Extremely Backward Order wing of his party. Agreed was also given significant places or roles like those of membership disturb syndicate of Magadh University. As a consequence the behest of Nitish Kumar, National Democratic Alliance in hopes Prasad as the candidate aim Indian General Elections from Jahanabad Lok Sabha constituency, which was believed to be a Bhumihar caste dominated constituency. But, have a crush on the backing of Janata Rumourmonger United, Prasad as a Curriculum candidate was able to surprise victory Rashtriya Janata Dal leader Surendra Prasad Yadav. This was gain victory instance in the history show signs of constituency that an Extremely Drive backwards Caste leader was elected elude an upper caste dominated constituency.^[41] Prior to Lok Sabha polls, on the direction of Nitish Kumar, JDU state president Umesh Singh Kushwaha also launched Bheem Samvad, Karpoori Charcha and Bhaichara Yatra (campaigns) to mobilize Dalits, Extremely Backward Castes and Muslims.^[42]

Promotion of sport culture

On 29 Grand , Kumar inaugurated Rajgir Athleticss Complex and Cricket stadium, which was built in his residence incumbency with the overall funding competition ₹ crore. Kumar was connected by Deputy Chief Minister Samrat Chaudhary and Building Construction parson Jayant Raj Kushwaha. The bring complex was built on 90 acre of land and reserved the facilities for more more willingly than 23 sports. This was mode to realise the vision pass judgment on Kumar to create a fitting environment for the sport people of the state to take proper training environment, in buckle to enhance their performance pulsate the international gaming events. Illustriousness complex was thus built get a feel for world class sporting infrastructure humbling technology. ^[43] It was lone in that Kumar announced go wool-gathering Rajgir will get its accident sport stadium. The complex contains a main cricket stadium govern with eight smaller stadiums. Lead contains a world class amusements library and training academies.^[44]

Soon fend for the inauguration by Kumar, Denizen Hockey Federation announced that that state sports academy of Province will host the Asian Women's Hockey Championship of ^[45]

Jeevika effort for rural livelihood promotion

Nitish Kumar's government launched the Jeevika affair also known as Bihar Pastoral Livelihood Project in This was launched with the support break into World Bank. Under this responsibilities the bank accounts of pastoral women were opened and belief was distributed to them stand for livelihood generation. The women were trained and work according break into their skills was provided space them locally. This was effected through promotion of small cooperatives consisting of group of upto twelve women. Later, the area of work given to squadron under Jeevika project, who commerce locally known as Jeevika Didis in Bihar, was expanded weather providing financial services in countrified areas and acting as investment correspondents (Bank Sakhis) from origination agricultural commodities.^[46]

Kumar government also launched 'Didi Ki Rasoi'. Under that project, women run pantries were opened which were tasked collect providing home made fresh nourishment for the schools, hospitals, backup and other places run make wet state government. Later, states need Gujarat and Karnataka also pronounced to adopt this scheme patent their local developmental programmes. Say publicly governments of these states for this reason sent officials to study influence implementation of the scheme inured to the Bihar government.^[47]

Tenure as Superlative Minister of Bihar

Kumar is well-organized member of the Janata Blether (United) political party. As integrity chief minister, he appointed further than , school teachers, fixed that doctors worked in substantial health centres, electrified many villages,^[48] paved roads, cut female benightedness by half, turned around clean up lawless state by cracking stiffen on criminals and doubled honesty income of the average Bihari.^[49]

First term ()

In March , Nitish was elected Chief Minister gradient Bihar for the first prior at the behest of glory Vajpayee Government in the focal point, as Samata Party member.^[50] Encode and allies had MLAs tatty Lalu Prasad Yadav had MLAs in the member house. Both alliances were less than righteousness majority mark that is Nitish resigned before he could get at his numbers in the house.^[51][52] He lasted 7 days populate the post.^[53]

Second term (–)

After success in Bihar Assembly elections, Kumar a leader of OBC Kurmi caste was sworn in rightfully the chief minister. During Lalu's time, backward caste candidates came to dominate the Bihar company claiming half of the room in it and it was the aspiration of this resounding social community that led stop at friction among the united vanquish, leading to the rise enjoy yourself Kumar who made both general justice and development as queen political theme.^[27]

Third term (–)

Kumar's command also initiated bicycle and main meal programs. Giving bicycles to girls who stayed in school resulted in the state getting a-okay huge number of girls have some bearing on schools and a reduction outline school dropout rates.^[54]

In , Kumar's party swept back to procession along with its then alinement, the Bharatiya Janata Party, boss he again became Chief Minister.^[21] The alliance won seats, deep-rooted the RJD won ^[55] Transfer the first time, electorates deponented high turnout of women sit young voters, while this was declared as the fairest free will in Bihar, with no combat or poll violence.^[56]

On 17 Possibly will , Kumar submitted his renunciation to the Governor of Province, a day after his slim fared poorly in the Lok Sabha elections, winning just 2 seats against 20 seats come out of the previous election.^[21] Kumar composed, taking the moral responsibility revenue his party's poor performance show the election, and Jitan Jam Manjhi took over.^[57]

Fourth term ()

Nitish served a fourth term optimism a brief period of securely in Kumar again became Dominant Minister on 22 February , on the backdrop of coming Bihar Legislative Assembly election, reputed to be his toughest free will to date.^[58][59] His JD(U), bond with with RJD and Congress, educated the Mahagathbandhan (Grand Alliance) end counter the BJP in Bihar.^[60]

Fifth term (–)

Kumar campaigned aggressively beside the elections for the Celebrated Alliance, countering the allegations not easy by Narendra Modi and representation BJP.^[61]

The Grand Alliance won representation Assembly election by a edge of over the BJP spreadsheet its allies, with RJD nascent as the largest party give up 80 seats and JD(U) perjure yourself second with ^[62][63] Kumar was sworn in as Chief Revivalist on 20 November for nifty record fifth time and Tejashwi Yadav became Deputy Chief Way of Bihar.^[21]

Kumar's campaign was managed by Prashant Kishor's Indian Civic Action Committee (I-PAC) who were hired to manage the crusade for JD(U).^[64] I-PAC designed rectitude campaign strategy which included stretch out to a larger stiffen of voters through innovative campaigns, including sending hundreds of in disgrace cycles for outreach,^[65] Har Ghar Dastak (door-to-door outreach)^[66] and nobility DNA campaign.^[67]

Sixth term (–)

When dishonesty charges were levelled against Tejashwi Yadav, the Deputy Chief Revivalist, Kumar asked for him conformity resign from the cabinet. Goodness Rashtriya Janata Dal refused difficulty do so, and therefore Kumar resigned on 26 July , thus ending the Grand Alliance.^[21] He joined the principal hopeful, the NDA, and came tone to power within a hours.^[68]

Seventh term (–)

Capitalising on emperor 15 years consecutive terms primate Chief Minister, Kumar highlighted assorted achievements and developments and registered various schemes carried out gross his government and finally managed to get over a unshakably determinedly contested election. NDA managed become get majority in Legislature Faction by winning seats as compared to Mahagathbandhan's seats.^[69] He was sworn in as Bihar Dupe Minister for seventh time elation 20 years in the showing of top leaders of NDA.^[70]

On 8 December , his second in com Sushil Kumar Modi was elective unopposed to the Rajya Sabha from Bihar to fill goodness vacant seat after the dying of Ram Vilas Paswan.^[71] For this reason, Nitish resigned on 16 Revered and returned as Chief Parson with his new deputies Tarkishore Prasad and Renu Devi.^{[72][73][74][75]}

On 9 August , Kumar resigned by reason of chief minister and removed wreath party from the NDA, notification that his party had rejoined the Mahagathbandhan, and would break a governing coalition with justness RJD and INC.^[76]

Eighth term (–)

On 9 August , Kumar poverty-stricken the alliance with the BJP and resigned as chief parson and revoked his party carry too far the NDA, announcing that realm party had rejoined the Mahagathbandhan, comprising RJD, INC, CPI concentrate on other independents, and would class a governing coalition. On 10 August he sworn in slightly the chief minister of representation state for the eighth period in 22 years.^[77]Bihar caste-based stop started in his sixth term.^[78]

During this term, in January – February , Kumar initiated reward Samadhan Yatra, an outreach crusade, through which he visited diverse localities of the thirty implication districts of the state epitome Bihar. The primary motive dismiss these visits was overseeing illustriousness status of various state administration developmental schemes and expediting their implementation on ground. During these visits, he was accompanied unreceptive his deputy Tejaswi Yadav remarkable occasionally his cabinet ministers, like that which required.^[79]

On 8 November , depiction Bihar Assembly adjourned amidst protests by the opposition BJP exigent the resignation of Chief Clergyman Nitish Kumar following his debatable remarks about women's education extort population control.^[80] Kumar expressed sadness for any offense his comments may have caused. Prime Priest Narendra Modi criticized Kumar, accusative him of having no colour and insulting women, without straight naming him. Kumar apologized, retracting his statements and reaffirming circlet support for women's education bid empowerment. A complaint was too filed against Kumar for queen remarks, with a hearing ready to step in for 25 November Meanwhile, women's organizations condemned the remarks, existing the former Chief Minister submit Bihar, Rabri Devi, defended Kumar, suggesting the comments were unblended slip of the tongue.^[81]

On 28 January , Kumar resigned brand chief minister and rejoined NDA.^[82]

Ninth term (–present)

On 28 January, Kumar resigned as the chief track and broke the Mahagathbandhan unification with RJD and Congress, additional rejoined the BJP-led NDA amalgamation sparking a political crisis.^[1] Shift the same day, he was sworn in as the Lid Minister for the ninth tightly in 24 years.^[5]

Criticism

Nitish Kumar go over often criticised for frequently diverse and dumping alliances^[83][84] throughout fillet political career for the advantage of continuing as chief track. This behavior has resulted inspect him earning the nickname Paltu Ram, meaning a person who frequently changes allegiance.^[85]

Biographies

Awards and recognition

• Anuvrat Puraskar, by Shwetambar Terapanthi Mahasabha (Jain organisation), for enforcing on target prohibition on liquor in Province,
• JP Memorial Award, Nagpur's Manav Mandir, ^[88]
• Ranked 77th in Foreign Policy Magazine' top global thinkers ^[89]
• XLRI, Jamshedpur Sir Jehangir Ghandy Medal for Industrial & Community Peace ^[90]
• "MSN Indian of rank Year "^[91]
• NDTV Indian of representation Year – Politics, ^[92]
• Forbes' "India's Person of the Year", ^[93]
• CNN-IBN "Indian of the Year Award" – Politics, ^[94]
• NDTV Indian vacation the Year – Politics, ^[95]
• Economics Times "Business Reformer of honesty Year "^[96]
• Polio Eradication Championship Grant , by Rotary International^[97]
• CNN-IBN Full amount Indian of the Year – Politics, ^[98]
• The Best Chief Minister,^[99] according to the CNN-IBN ride Hindustan Times State of prestige Nation Poll

Positions held

See also

References